Surface missions

57 located events on the lunar surface: landings, rovers, sample returns, impacts, and the announced Artemis III candidate regions. Every coordinate cites its source; positions marked ± are approximate.

Luna

Luna 2 ±1959-09-13successFirst human-made object to reach the Moon; impacted near Palus Putredinis (position roughly estimated).23RFA Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Luna 9 ±1966-02-03successFirst soft landing on the Moon; returned panoramas from Oceanus Procellarum (position approximate).15NEU Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Luna 13 ±1966-12-24successSoft-landed in Oceanus Procellarum; returned panoramas and soil-mechanics data (position approximate, per TASS).15QHN Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Luna 161970-09-20successFirst robotic lunar sample return; landed in Mare Fecunditatis and returned 101 g of soil.30MFK Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Luna 171970-11-17successDelivered Lunokhod 1, the first robotic rover on another world, to Mare Imbrium.19SCG Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Luna 201972-02-21successReturned 55 g of highland soil from the Apollonius region near Mare Fecunditatis.30NFQ Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Luna 211973-01-15successDelivered Lunokhod 2 to Le Monnier crater on the rim of Mare Serenitatis; the rover drove ~39 km.27RDB Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Luna 231974-11-06partialLanded in Mare Crisium but the sampling drill was damaged on touchdown; no samples returned.31PCR Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Luna 241976-08-18successLast Soviet lunar mission; returned 170 g of Mare Crisium soil.31PCR Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Luna 252023-08-19failureRussia's return to the Moon failed; crashed on the rim of Pontecoulant G after a deorbit-burn anomaly.31EDK Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

Ranger

Ranger 4 ±1962-04-26failureOnboard computer failure; impacted the lunar far side without returning data (first US spacecraft to reach the Moon).7LBB Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Ranger 61964-02-02failureImpacted Mare Tranquillitatis on target, but the television cameras failed and no images were returned.26PBS Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Ranger 71964-07-31successFirst US mission to return close-up images of the Moon; impacted Mare Cognitum after sending 4,300+ photos.20LJN Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Ranger 81965-02-20successReturned 7,000+ images before impacting Mare Tranquillitatis.26NFJ Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Ranger 91965-03-24successReturned live TV images before impacting inside crater Alphonsus.23LCK Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

Surveyor

Surveyor 11966-06-02successFirst US soft lunar landing; returned 11,000+ images from Oceanus Procellarum.18MAG Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Surveyor 31967-04-20successSoft-landed in Oceanus Procellarum; later visited by the Apollo 12 crew in 1969.20MFB Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Surveyor 51967-09-11successSoft-landed in Mare Tranquillitatis; performed the first chemical analysis of lunar soil.26NEG Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Surveyor 61967-11-10successSoft-landed in Sinus Medii; first spacecraft to lift off from the lunar surface (hop test).23NDF Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Surveyor 71968-01-10successFinal Surveyor; landed in the highlands near crater Tycho.22GBL Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

Apollo

Apollo 111969-07-20successFirst crewed lunar landing; Armstrong and Aldrin at Tranquility Base, Mare Tranquillitatis.26NEF Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 121969-11-19successPrecision crewed landing in Oceanus Procellarum, within walking distance of Surveyor 3.20MFB Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 13 S-IVB impact1970-04-15successSpent S-IVB third stage deliberately impacted the Moon as a signal source for the Apollo 12 seismometer.20MAB Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 14 S-IVB impact1971-02-04successSpent S-IVB stage impacted the Moon for active seismic calibration.20LCR Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 141971-02-05successCrewed landing at Fra Mauro; Shepard and Mitchell explored Cone crater's flank.21MDF Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 15 S-IVB impact1971-07-29successSpent S-IVB stage impacted the Moon for active seismic calibration.22MAU Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 151971-07-30successFirst J-class mission at Hadley-Apennine; first use of the Lunar Roving Vehicle.23RJS Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 16 S-IVB impact1972-04-19successSpent S-IVB stage impacted the Moon for active seismic calibration.20NEH Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 161972-04-21successCrewed landing in the Descartes highlands; Young and Duke drove 26.7 km in the LRV.25LEK Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 17 S-IVB impact1972-12-10successSpent S-IVB stage impacted the Moon for active seismic calibration.21MKE Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Apollo 171972-12-11successFinal Apollo landing at Taurus-Littrow; Cernan and geologist Schmitt spent 75 hours on the surface.27QDQ Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

Chang'e

Chang'e 32013-12-14successFirst Chinese lunar landing, in northern Mare Imbrium; deployed the Yutu rover.21TBD Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Chang'e 42019-01-03successFirst landing on the lunar far side, at Statio Tianhe in Von Karman crater; deployed Yutu-2.45GGQ Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Chang'e 52020-12-01successLanded near Mons Rumker in Oceanus Procellarum (Statio Tianchuan); returned 1,731 g of samples.17TBT Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Chang'e 62024-06-01successFirst far-side sample return; landed in the Apollo basin within South Pole-Aitken and returned 1,935 g.4GDK Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

Chandrayaan

Chandrayaan-22019-09-06failureVikram lander deviated during terminal descent and crashed in the southern highlands.26DEV Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Chandrayaan-32023-08-23successFirst landing in the lunar south polar region, at Statio Shiv Shakti; deployed the Pragyan rover.27DFF Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

SLIM

SLIM2024-01-19successJapan's precision lander touched down within 100 m of target near Shioli crater, coming to rest nose-down.26LGJ Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

CLPS

IM-12024-02-22partialFirst US soft landing since Apollo and first commercial lunar landing; tipped over near Malapert A but operated.BAZ Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Blue Ghost Mission 12025-03-02successFirst fully successful commercial lunar landing, in Mare Crisium near Mons Latreille.31QCC Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
IM-22025-03-06partialLanded hard on its side in a small crater near the center of Mons Mouton; mission ended within a day.BDT Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

Artemis

Artemis III candidate region: de Gerlache Rim 2 ±2024-10-28plannedOne of the nine Artemis III candidate landing regions NASA announced on 28 Oct 2024 (names only). Position: the centre of the de Gerlache Rim 2 region polygon (about 400 km2) in the USGS data release Down Selected Artemis III Candidate Landing Site Navigational Grids (McClernan 2024, doi:10.5066/P1MEQ6UK, file A3_9regions-lonlat-simplified); a region, not a landing point.AYN Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Artemis III candidate region: Haworth ±2024-10-28plannedOne of the nine Artemis III candidate landing regions NASA announced on 28 Oct 2024 (names only). Position: the centre of the Haworth region polygon (about 888 km2) in the USGS data release Down Selected Artemis III Candidate Landing Site Navigational Grids (McClernan 2024, doi:10.5066/P1MEQ6UK, file A3_9regions-lonlat-simplified); a region, not a landing point.AYR Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Artemis III candidate region: Malapert Massif ±2024-10-28plannedOne of the nine Artemis III candidate landing regions NASA announced on 28 Oct 2024 (names only). Position: the centre of the Malapert Massif region polygon (about 441 km2) in the USGS data release Down Selected Artemis III Candidate Landing Site Navigational Grids (McClernan 2024, doi:10.5066/P1MEQ6UK, file A3_9regions-lonlat-simplified); a region, not a landing point.AZS Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Artemis III candidate region: Mons Mouton ±2024-10-28plannedOne of the nine Artemis III candidate landing regions NASA announced on 28 Oct 2024 (names only). Position: the centre of the Mons Mouton region polygon (about 256 km2) in the USGS data release Down Selected Artemis III Candidate Landing Site Navigational Grids (McClernan 2024, doi:10.5066/P1MEQ6UK, file A3_9regions-lonlat-simplified); a region, not a landing point.BCS Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Artemis III candidate region: Mons Mouton Plateau ±2024-10-28plannedOne of the nine Artemis III candidate landing regions NASA announced on 28 Oct 2024 (names only). Position: the centre of the Mons Mouton Plateau region polygon (about 4,452 km2) in the USGS data release Down Selected Artemis III Candidate Landing Site Navigational Grids (McClernan 2024, doi:10.5066/P1MEQ6UK, file A3_9regions-lonlat-simplified); a region, not a landing point.BDT Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Artemis III candidate region: Nobile Rim 1 ±2024-10-28plannedOne of the nine Artemis III candidate landing regions NASA announced on 28 Oct 2024 (names only). Position: the centre of the Nobile Rim 1 region polygon (about 400 km2) in the USGS data release Down Selected Artemis III Candidate Landing Site Navigational Grids (McClernan 2024, doi:10.5066/P1MEQ6UK, file A3_9regions-lonlat-simplified); a region, not a landing point.BDS Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Artemis III candidate region: Nobile Rim 2 ±2024-10-28plannedOne of the nine Artemis III candidate landing regions NASA announced on 28 Oct 2024 (names only). Position: the centre of the Nobile Rim 2 region polygon (about 400 km2) in the USGS data release Down Selected Artemis III Candidate Landing Site Navigational Grids (McClernan 2024, doi:10.5066/P1MEQ6UK, file A3_9regions-lonlat-simplified); a region, not a landing point.BGR Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Artemis III candidate region: Peak near Cabeus B ±2024-10-28plannedOne of the nine Artemis III candidate landing regions NASA announced on 28 Oct 2024 (names only). Position: the centre of the Peak Near Cabeus B region polygon (about 400 km2) in the USGS data release Down Selected Artemis III Candidate Landing Site Navigational Grids (McClernan 2024, doi:10.5066/P1MEQ6UK, file A3_9regions-lonlat-simplified); a region, not a landing point.ASQ Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Artemis III candidate region: Slater Plain ±2024-10-28plannedOne of the nine Artemis III candidate landing regions NASA announced on 28 Oct 2024 (names only). Position: the centre of the Slater Plain region polygon (about 400 km2) in the USGS data release Down Selected Artemis III Candidate Landing Site Navigational Grids (McClernan 2024, doi:10.5066/P1MEQ6UK, file A3_9regions-lonlat-simplified); a region, not a landing point.BCK Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

Other

LCROSS2009-10-09successCentaur stage impacted Cabeus crater near the south pole; the ejecta plume confirmed water ice.AVS Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
GRAIL-A (Ebb)2012-12-17successGravity-mapping spacecraft deliberately impacted a mountain near the north pole at end of mission.20XES Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
GRAIL-B (Flow)2012-12-17successTwin of GRAIL-A; impacted the same massif about 30 seconds later.20XES Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
LADEE2014-04-18successLunar dust/exosphere orbiter deliberately impacted the far side at end of mission.11PJV Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
Beresheet2019-04-11failureIsraeli private lander crashed in Mare Serenitatis after a main-engine failure during descent.25SJV Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
HAKUTO-R Mission 12023-04-25failureJapanese private lander misjudged altitude and crashed near Atlas crater.29TBC Map ↗Horizon Source ↗
ispace Mission 2 (RESILIENCE)2025-06-05failureSecond ispace lander crashed in Mare Frigoris after a laser-rangefinder anomaly during descent.22VHP Map ↗Horizon Source ↗

Coordinates from NASA NSSDCA, LROC (ASU), and agency sources. See each entry's source link and About for methodology.